ActionBERT

Is Attention All That We Need?

Investigating Transformers for Action Recognition (Video classification)

The aim of this work is to understand the sequence modelling capabilities of transformer models (BERT-like) for continuous input spaces such as video frames, unlike language where the inputs are discrete (vocabulary).

PyTorch Implementation

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Table of Contents

The project comprises of the following sections.

• Dataset
• Architecture
• Training
• Inference

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Dataset

Given the path to UCF-101's raw dataset folder, prepare the dataset in a standardized format as follows:

$ python3 prepare_ucf101.py \
-v /home/axe/Datasets/UCF_101/raw/videos \
-o /home/axe/Datasets/UCF_101 \
-s 0.8 -fps 1

Produces json files for training & validation sets in the following format:

[
  {
    "video_name": "str",
    "label_idx": "int",
  }
]

Also creates a new directory within the output dir -o for storing video frames, organized as follows:

├── out_dir
    │
    └── frames
        │
        ├── video_1
        │    ├── frame_1.jpg
        │    │   ...
        │    └── frame_n.jpg
        │
        └── video_k
             ├── frame_1.jpg
             │   ...
             └── frame_m.jpg

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Given the above frames dir -f & split set json -j, produces the final json & embeddings file (npy) in the following format:

$ python3 prepare_data.py -s train \
-f /home/axe/Datasets/UCF_101/frames_1_fps \
-j /home/axe/Datasets/UCF_101/train_ucf101.json \
-o /home/axe/Datasets/UCF_101/data_res18_fps_1 \
-m resnet18 -bs 1024 -nw 4

The files are stored in output dir -o.

Processed dataset

{
  "data": [
            {
                "video_idx": "int",
                "video_name": "str",
                "video_length": "int",
                "label_idx": "int"
            }
         ],
  "memmap_size": "tuple(total_videos, max_video_len, emb_dim)",    
  "split": "str"
}

The video_idx refers to the 0^th axis of the embeddings array.

Embeddings

np.array(shape=[total_videos, max_video_len, emb_dim])

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Architecture

BiLSTM

• Pre-Trained Conv + LSTM

• End-to-End Conv + LSTM

Transformer

• Pre-Trained Conv + Transformer

• End-to-End Conv + Transformer?

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Training

Run the following script for training:

$ python3 main.py --mode train --expt_dir ./results_log  \
--expt_name BERT --model bert \
--data_dir ~/Datasets/UCF_101/processed_fps_1_res18 \
--run_name res18_1fps_lyr_1_bs_256_lr_1e4 \
--num_layers 1 --batch_size 256 --epochs 300 \
--gpu_id 1 --opt_lvl 1  --num_workers 4 --lr 1e-4

Specify --model_ckpt (filename.pth) to load model checkpoint from disk (resume training/inference)

Select the architecture by using --model ('bilstm', 'bert', 'roberta').

For pre-trained transformers see this link.

Note: ...

Inference

• ....

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UCF-101 Dataset	`

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TODO: ....

• With Pre-Trained (Train+Val)
• End-to-End (Train+Val)
• ..