diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/README.md b/packages/thirdweb/README.md
index 56bf59556b1..45b0fb74993 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/README.md
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/README.md
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ const tx = contract.transaction({
 });
 
 // Step 6: execute the transaction with the wallet
-const receipt = await wallet.execute(tx);
+const receipt = await wallet.sendTransaction(tx);
 
 console.log("tx hash", receipt.transactionHash);
 
diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/estimate-gas.ts b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/estimate-gas.ts
index 6563f6724e0..3ec9946f4e4 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/estimate-gas.ts
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/estimate-gas.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import type { AbiFunction, Address } from "abitype";
 import type { Transaction } from "../index.js";
-import type { IWallet } from "../../wallets/utils/wallet.js";
 import { getDefaultGasOverrides } from "../../gas/fee-data.js";
 import { encode } from "./encode.js";
 import { formatTransactionRequest, hexToBigInt } from "viem/utils";
+import type { IWallet } from "../../wallets/interfaces/wallet.js";
 
 export async function estimateGas<
   const abiFn extends AbiFunction,
diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/execute.ts b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/execute.ts
index 419a1a933cf..aa09cf16ec1 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/execute.ts
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/execute.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-import type { AbiFunction, Address } from "abitype";
+import type { AbiFunction } from "abitype";
 import type { Transaction } from "../index.js";
-import type { IWallet } from "../../wallets/utils/wallet.js";
-import { getDefaultGasOverrides } from "../../gas/fee-data.js";
-import { encode } from "./encode.js";
-import { estimateGas } from "./estimate-gas.js";
-import { transactionCount } from "../../rpc/methods.js";
-import type { Hash } from "viem";
+import type { IWallet } from "../../wallets/interfaces/wallet.js";
 
 export async function execute<
   const abiFn extends AbiFunction,
@@ -14,39 +9,5 @@ export async function execute<
   if (!wallet || !wallet.address) {
     throw new Error("no wallet to sign with");
   }
-  const rpcRequest = tx.client.rpc({ chainId: tx.inputs.chainId });
-
-  const [gasOverrides, encodedData, nextNonce, estimatedGas] =
-    await Promise.all([
-      getDefaultGasOverrides(tx.client, tx.inputs.chainId),
-      encode(tx),
-      transactionCount(rpcRequest, wallet.address),
-      estimateGas(tx, wallet),
-    ]);
-
-  const signedTx = await wallet.signTransaction({
-    gas: estimatedGas,
-    to: tx.inputs.address as Address,
-    chainId: tx.inputs.chainId,
-    data: encodedData,
-    nonce: nextNonce,
-    ...gasOverrides,
-  });
-
-  // send the tx
-  // TODO: move into rpc/methods
-  const { result } = await rpcRequest({
-    method: "eth_sendRawTransaction",
-    params: [signedTx],
-  });
-
-  tx.transactionHash = result as Hash;
-
-  return {
-    transactionHash: result as Hash,
-    wait: async () => {
-      const { waitForTxReceipt } = await import("./wait-for-tx-receipt.js");
-      return waitForTxReceipt(tx);
-    },
-  };
+  return wallet.sendTransaction(tx);
 }
diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/index.ts b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/index.ts
index 53be7791973..523b5617132 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/index.ts
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/src/transaction/actions/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 export { encode } from "./encode.js";
 export { estimateGas } from "./estimate-gas.js";
-export { execute } from "./execute.js";
 export { read } from "./read.js";
 export { waitForTxReceipt } from "./wait-for-tx-receipt.js";
diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/utils/wallet.ts b/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/interfaces/wallet.d.ts
similarity index 53%
rename from packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/utils/wallet.ts
rename to packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/interfaces/wallet.d.ts
index 98fa7d9b499..ac7bc5ccde6 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/utils/wallet.ts
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/interfaces/wallet.d.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+import type { Transaction } from "../../transaction/index.js";
 import type {
+  AbiFunction,
   Address,
   Hex,
   SignableMessage,
+  TransactionReceipt,
   TransactionSerializable,
   TypedData,
   TypedDataDefinition,
@@ -13,11 +16,22 @@ export interface IWallet {
   disconnect: () => Promise<void>;
   //
   signMessage: (_message: SignableMessage) => Promise<Hex>;
-  signTransaction: (_tx: TransactionSerializable) => Promise<Hex>;
-  signTypedData: <
+  signTransaction?: (_tx: TransactionSerializable) => Promise<Hex>;
+  signTypedData?: <
     const typedData extends TypedData | Record<string, unknown>,
     primaryType extends keyof typedData | "EIP712Domain" = keyof typedData,
   >(
     _typedData: TypedDataDefinition<typedData, primaryType>,
   ) => Promise<Hex>;
+  
+  // TX methods
+  sendTransaction: <abiFn extends AbiFunction>(
+    _tx: Transaction<abiFn>,
+  ) => Promise<{
+    transactionHash: Hex,
+    wait: () => Promise<TransactionReceipt>,
+  }>;
+  estimateGas: <abiFn extends AbiFunction>(
+    _tx: Transaction<abiFn>,
+  ) => Promise<bigint>;
 }
diff --git a/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/private-key.ts b/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/private-key.ts
index 8967f8051b8..ed1ab718dc7 100644
--- a/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/private-key.ts
+++ b/packages/thirdweb/src/wallets/private-key.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type {
+  Hash,
   Hex,
   PrivateKeyAccount,
   SignableMessage,
@@ -6,12 +7,9 @@ import type {
   TypedDataDefinition,
 } from "viem";
 import type { ThirdwebClient } from "../client/client.js";
-import type { IWallet } from "./utils/wallet.js";
-import { privateKeyToAccount } from "viem/accounts";
-import type { AbiFunction, TypedData } from "abitype";
+import type { AbiFunction, Address, TypedData } from "abitype";
 import type { Transaction } from "../transaction/index.js";
-import { estimateGas } from "../transaction/actions/estimate-gas.js";
-import { execute } from "../transaction/actions/execute.js";
+import type { IWallet } from "./interfaces/wallet.js";
 
 export function privateKeyWallet(client: ThirdwebClient) {
   return new PrivateKeyWallet(client);
@@ -22,7 +20,6 @@ type PrivateKeyWalletConnectOptions = {
 };
 
 class PrivateKeyWallet implements IWallet {
-  // private _client: ThirdwebClient;
   private account: PrivateKeyAccount | null = null;
 
   get address() {
@@ -31,11 +28,12 @@ class PrivateKeyWallet implements IWallet {
 
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
   constructor(_client: ThirdwebClient) {
-    // this._client = client;
+    // this.client = client;
   }
 
   public async connect(options: PrivateKeyWalletConnectOptions) {
     const { pkey } = options;
+    const { privateKeyToAccount } = await import("viem/accounts");
     this.account = privateKeyToAccount(pkey as Hex);
   }
 
@@ -65,18 +63,67 @@ class PrivateKeyWallet implements IWallet {
 
   // tx functions
 
-  public async estimateGas<abiFn extends AbiFunction>(tx: Transaction<abiFn>) {
-    if (!this.account) {
+  public async sendTransaction<abiFn extends AbiFunction>(
+    tx: Transaction<abiFn>,
+  ) {
+    if (!this.account || !this.address) {
       throw new Error("not connected");
     }
-    return estimateGas(tx, this);
+    const rpcRequest = tx.client.rpc({ chainId: tx.inputs.chainId });
+
+    const [getDefaultGasOverrides, encode, transactionCount] =
+      await Promise.all([
+        import("../gas/fee-data.js").then((m) => m.getDefaultGasOverrides),
+        import("../transaction/actions/encode.js").then((m) => m.encode),
+        import("../rpc/methods.js").then((m) => m.transactionCount),
+      ]);
+
+    const [gasOverrides, encodedData, nextNonce, estimatedGas] =
+      await Promise.all([
+        getDefaultGasOverrides(tx.client, tx.inputs.chainId),
+        encode(tx),
+        transactionCount(rpcRequest, this.address),
+        this.estimateGas(tx),
+      ]);
+
+    const signedTx = await this.signTransaction({
+      gas: estimatedGas,
+      to: tx.inputs.address as Address,
+      chainId: tx.inputs.chainId,
+      data: encodedData,
+      nonce: nextNonce,
+      ...gasOverrides,
+    });
+
+    // send the tx
+    // TODO: move into rpc/methods
+    const { result } = await rpcRequest({
+      method: "eth_sendRawTransaction",
+      params: [signedTx],
+    });
+    tx.transactionHash = result as Hash;
+
+    return {
+      transactionHash: result as Hash,
+      wait: async () => {
+        const { waitForTxReceipt } = await import(
+          "../transaction/actions/wait-for-tx-receipt.js"
+        );
+        return waitForTxReceipt(tx);
+      },
+    };
   }
 
-  public async execute<abiFn extends AbiFunction>(tx: Transaction<abiFn>) {
+  public async estimateGas<abiFn extends AbiFunction>(
+    tx: Transaction<abiFn>,
+  ): Promise<bigint> {
     if (!this.account) {
       throw new Error("not connected");
     }
-    return execute(tx, this);
+    const { estimateGas } = await import(
+      "../transaction/actions/estimate-gas.js"
+    );
+    return estimateGas(tx, this);
   }
 
   public async disconnect() {