Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
421 lines (314 loc) · 16.5 KB

Tips.Windows.md

File metadata and controls

421 lines (314 loc) · 16.5 KB
Raw

Helpful Microsoft Windows Tips

Microsoft Windows 10 Resources

Windows Version Notes

  • Every Windows10 release has FIVE different names, one has SIX. Make sure you have these all memorized for each one.
  • Example:
    • Codename (Redstone 5)
    • Codeletter (RS5)
    • Build (17763)
    • Version (1809)
    • Name (October 2018 Update)
    • Disbiguator (November re-release)

News Resources

Third-Party Forums

Microsoft Update Catalog Information

Windows System Information Commands

  • Manage Environment Variables

    • Open Run (Windows Key + R)
    • rundll32 sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables

  • Run: msinfo32

  • Command Window: systeminfo

    • systeminfo | findstr /c:"OS Name"
    • systeminfo | findstr /c:"OS Version"
    • systeminfo | findstr /c:"System Type"
    • systeminfo | findstr /c:"Total Physical Memory"

  • WMIC Commands

    • wmic cpu get name

  • Ipconfig Commands:

    • ipconfig | findstr IPv4
    • ipconfig | findstr IPv6
    • ipconfig /all

  • Tasklist Command: (e.g. find the PID for a running program/service)

    • tasklist /fi "imagename eq firefox.exe"

Increase Available Disk Space

Clean-up/Fix Windows Image

  • Press Windows key + X
  • Click Command Prompt (Admin)
  • Type in at the prompt OR Copy and Paste these one at a time : (Hit enter after each)
    • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
    • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
    • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Take Admin Ownership of a File (e.g. to replace a corrupted file, discovered via running the /SFC command)

  • Open an Admin CMD window
  • Take owenrship of the file:
    • takeown /f Path_And_File_Name
      • Example: takeown /f C:\windows\system32\jscript.dll
  • Grant administrators full access to the
    • icacls Path_And_File_Name /GRANT ADMINISTRATORS:F
      • Example: icacls C:\windows\system32\jscript.dll /grant administrators:F
  • Replace the corrupted system file with a known good copy of the file.

Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

Setting Environment Variables

  • setx {variable} {path | vlaue}

Print Management

  • printmanagement.msc

Frequently Used Keyboard Shortcuts:

  • File Explorer

    • {WIN Key} + E

  • Run

    • {WIN Key} + R
      • netplwiz - User Accounts

  • Search

    • {WIN Key} + S

  • Right-Click Start Menu

    • {WIN Key} + X

  • System Properties

  • WIN Key + Pause
  • Resize Save As window...
    • click the title bar, or
    • Windows + Down-Arrow

Retrieving Original Windows Product Key

  • wmic path SoftwareLicensingService get OA3xOriginalProductKey

Finding BIOS Information

URI to Windows 10 control panels

  • https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mniehaus/2017/04/13/hiding-pages-in-settings-with-windows-10-1703/
    • ms-settings:about
    • ms-settings:activation
    • ms-settings:appsfeatures
    • ms-settings:appsforwebsites
    • ms-settings:backup
    • ms-settings:batterysaver
    • ms-settings:bluetooth
    • ms-settings:colors
    • ms-settings:cortana
    • ms-settings:datausage
    • ms-settings:dateandtime
    • ms-settings:defaultapps
    • ms-settings:developers
    • ms-settings:deviceencryption
    • ms-settings:display
    • ms-settings:emailandaccounts
    • ms-settings:extras
    • ms-settings:findmydevice
    • ms-settings:lockscreen
    • ms-settings:maps
    • ms-settings:network-ethernet
    • ms-settings:network-mobilehotspot
    • ms-settings:network-proxy
    • ms-settings:network-vpn
    • ms-settings:network-directaccess
    • ms-settings:network-wifi
    • ms-settings:notifications
    • ms-settings:optionalfeatures
    • ms-settings:powersleep
    • ms-settings:printers
    • ms-settings:privacy
    • ms-settings:personalization
    • ms-settings:recovery
    • ms-settings:regionlanguage
    • ms-settings:storagesense
    • ms-settings:tabletmode
    • ms-settings:taskbar
    • ms-settings:themes
    • ms-settings:troubleshoot
    • ms-settings:typing
    • ms-settings:usb
    • ms-settings:windowsdefender
    • ms-settings:windowsinsider
    • ms-settings:windowsupdate
    • ms-settings:yourinfo
  • https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/f377b4e1-237b-49a6-a43c-bcef803dce86/control-panel-gpo?forum=winserverGP
    • Security and Maintenance - Microsoft.ActionCenter
    • Administrative Tools - Microsoft.AdministrativeTools
    • AutoPlay - Microsoft.AutoPlay
    • Backup and Restore (Windows 7) - Microsoft.BackupAndRestore
    • BitLocker Drive Encryption - Microsoft.BitLockerDriveEncryption
    • Color Management - Microsoft.ColorManagement
    • Credential Manager - Microsoft.CredentialManager
    • Date and Time - Microsoft.DateAndTime
    • Default Programs - Microsoft.DefaultPrograms
    • Device Manager - Microsoft.DeviceManager
    • Devices and Printers - Microsoft.DevicesAndPrinters
    • Ease of Access Center - Microsoft.EaseOfAccessCenter
    • File History - Microsoft.FileHistory
    • File Explorer Options - Microsoft.FolderOptions
    • Fonts - Microsoft.Fonts
    • HomeGroup - Microsoft.HomeGroup
    • Indexing Options - Microsoft.IndexingOptions
    • Infrared - Microsoft.Infrared
    • Internet Options - Microsoft.InternetOptions
    • Keyboard - Microsoft.Keyboard
    • Language - Microsoft.Language
    • Display - Microsoft.LegacyDisplay
    • Windows Mobility Center - Microsoft.MobilityCenter
    • Mouse - Microsoft.Mouse
    • Network and Sharing Center - Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter
    • Personalization - Microsoft.Personalization
    • Phone and Modem - Microsoft.PhoneAndModem
    • Windows To Go - Microsoft.PortableWorkspaceCreator
    • Power Options - Microsoft.PowerOptions
    • Programs and Features - Microsoft.ProgramsAndFeatures
    • Recovery - Microsoft.Recovery
    • Region - Microsoft.RegionAndLanguage
    • RemoteApp and Desktop Connections - Microsoft.RemoteAppAndDesktopConnections
    • Sound - Microsoft.Sound
    • Speech Recognition - Microsoft.SpeechRecognition
    • Storage Spaces - Microsoft.StorageSpaces
    • Sync Center - Microsoft.SyncCenter
    • System - Microsoft.System
    • Taskbar and Navigation - Microsoft.Taskbar
    • Troubleshooting - Microsoft.Troubleshooting
    • User Accounts - Microsoft.UserAccounts
    • Windows Defender - Microsoft.WindowsDefender
    • Windows Firewall - Microsoft.WindowsFirewall
    • Work Folders - Microsoft.WorkFolders
    • Security and Maintenance > Turn Messages on or off - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page Settings
    • Security and Maintenance > Archived Messages - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageResponseArchive
    • Security and Maintenance > Reliability Monitor - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageReliabilityView
    • Security and Maintenance > Problem Reports - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageProblems
    • Security and Maintenance > Problem Details - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageReportDetails
    • Security and Maintenance > Message Details - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageDisplaySolution
    • Security and Maintenance > Related Problems - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageSolutionDetails
    • Security and Maintenance > Check for Solutions - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageSignoff
    • Security and Maintenance > Problem Reporting Settings - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageSettings
    • Security and Maintenance > Advanced Problem Reporting Settings - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page pageAdvSettings
    • Security and Maintenance > Automatic Maintenance - Microsoft.ActionCenter /page MaintenanceSettings

Chrome, 64 bit installation

Useful Utilities

Windows Resource Checker

  • Scans the integrity of all protected system files
  • From DOS Command, run '''sfc /SCANNOW''' or '''SFC /VERIFYONLY'''

Removing the MAX_PATH Limitation

cscript

wscript

Windows Command Line Tips

DISM Commands

Change Product Key / Activate

  • slmgr.vbs -ipk 00000-00000-00000-00000-00000
    • replace "0000-0000..." with your activation key
  • slmgr.vbs -ato

PowerShell Server Configuration Commands

WMIC Commands

  • wmic path softwarelicensingservice get OA3xOriginalProductKey

Diskmanager

  • Run diskmgmt.msc

Taskmanager

Screenshots showing only one screen:

  • Place your cursor on the screen from which you want a screenshot
  • Hit CTRL + ALT + PrtScn on your keyboard - active dialog box or menu
  • ALT + PrtScn - screenshot of the active monitor on your desktop
  • Hit CTRL + V to paste the screenshot

Long Paths > 260 characters

  • https://docs.python.org/3.6/using/windows.html
    • "Windows historically has limited path lengths to 260 characters. This meant that paths longer than this would not resolve and errors would result."
    • "In the latest versions of Windows, this limitation can be expanded to approximately 32,000 characters. Your administrator will need to activate the “Enable Win32 long paths” group policy, or set the registry value HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem@LongPathsEnabled to 1."

Useful Articles

Typing Special Characters

Device Manager

  • In View, there is an option to show Hidden Devices (!)

Microphone

  • if you click on the microphone icon at the bottom of your screen and then subsequently turn OFF that toggle 'Microphone access to this device' ... the ONLY WAY to get access to your microphone again is to open PRIVACY SETTINGS ( DO NOT go to 'sound settings' or 'microphone' or 'speech', these take you to places that WILL NOT re-enable your microphone ). Go to Privacy Settings, click the CHANGE button and turn that toggle back

RAID Configuration